- Baltes Life-span perspective/Social optimization with compensation (SOC) : Baltes Life-span perspective/Social optimization with compensation (SOC) is a theory on human development that proposed that development is multiply determined optimization of goals. This theory put emphasis on the interactions of all four (4) forces psychological, social, biological and life cycle forces on human development and cannot consider any in isolation. Life-span perspective view that human developent is multiply determined and cannot be understood within the scope of a single framework.