Glossary / Lexicon

Deutsch: Konditionierung / Español: Condicionamiento / Português: Condicionamento / Français: Conditionnement / Italiano: Condizionamento /

Conditioning refers to a psychological principle which holds that the frequency of any behavior can be increased or decreased through reward, punishment, and/or association with other stimuli.

So Conditioning refers to the process of developing a behavior pattern through a series of repeated experiences.

Description

Conditioning in psychology refers to the process of learning associations between stimuli and responses. This process involves the reinforcement or punishment of behaviors to increase or decrease the likelihood of them being repeated. Conditioning can be both classical and operant, with classical conditioning focusing on involuntary responses and operant conditioning focusing on voluntary actions. It plays a crucial role in shaping behaviors and attitudes in individuals. Conditioning also involves the concepts of reinforcement, punishment, extinction, and generalization, which all contribute to the learning process. Psychologists use conditioning principles to understand and modify behaviors in various settings.

Application Areas

• Clinical psychology
• Behavior therapy
• Education and learning
• Animal training
• Advertising and marketing

Treatment and Risks

• Behavioral therapy
• Exposure therapy
• Risks include potential reinforcement of maladaptive behaviors

Examples

• Classical conditioning: Pavlov's dogs salivating at the sound of a bell
• Operant conditioning: Skinner's experiments with rats pressing levers for rewards
• Phobias developed through conditioning processes

Similar Concepts and Synonyms

• Learning theory
• Behavior modification
• Associative learning

Weblinks

• space-glossary.com: 'Conditioning' in the space-glossary.com
• fitness-and-health-glossary.com: 'Conditioning' in the fitness-and-health-glossary.com

Articles with 'Conditioning' in the title

• Classical and operant conditioning: Classical and operant conditioning refers to a process of learning that involves rewarding an animal for a particular action while at the same time providing a separate and distinct stimulus
• Classical conditioning: classical conditioning refers to the fundamental learning process which was first described by Ivan Pavlov. It is an event that automatically elicits a response when it is paired with another stimulus event that does not (a neutral stimulus . . .
• Counter-conditioning: Counter-conditioning treatment which is done if the person is far too fearful to attempt flooding, then counter-conditioning can be an option. The person is taught to use specific relaxation and visualisation techniques when experiencing ph . . .
• Covert conditioning: Covert conditioning refers to a behavioral intervention in which the therapist instructs the client to imagine a highly negative experience when engaging in an undesirable behavior
• Instrumental conditioning: Instrumental conditioning refers to the case whereby behaviors that people freely choose to perform increase or decrease in frequency, depending on whether they are followed by positive reinforcement or punishment - conditioning in which a . . .
• Operant Conditioning: Operant Conditioning refers to B. F. Skinner's learning paradigm in which the consequences of a behavior determine whether a behavior is repeated in the future
• Taste aversion conditioning: Taste aversion conditioning refers to a form of classical conditioning in which a food item that has been paired with gastrointestinal illness becomes a conditioned aversive stimulus
• Counterconditioning: Counterconditioning refers to the process of replacing an undesired response to a stimulus with an acceptable response- the procedure whereby a CS that elicits one type of response is associated with an event that elicits an incompatible re . . .
• Orgasmic reconditioning: Orgasmic reconditioning refers to learning procedure to help clients (patients) strengthen appropriate patterns of sexual arousal by pairing appropriate stimuli with the pleasurable sensations of masturbation
• Pseudoconditioning: Pseudoconditioning is defined as a temporary elevation in the amplitude of the conditioned response that is not due to association between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus
• Aversive conditioning: Aversive conditioning refers to a form of Conditioning in which a painful stimulus is paired with an initially neutral stimulus.
• Appetitive conditioning: Appetitive conditioning refers to the conditioning procedure in which the unconditioned stimulus (US) is an event that is usually considered pleasant and that an organism seeks out
• Temporal conditioning: Temporal conditioning refers to a form of classical conditioning in which the CS is the passage of time.
• Aversive classical conditioning: Aversive classical conditioning refers to the pairing of alcohol with a substance, such as Disulfiram that will interact with it to cause nausea or vomiting in order to make alcohol itself a conditioned stimulus to be avoided
• Avoidance conditioning: Avoidance conditioning: Avoidance conditioning refers to a kind of learning in which specific stimuli are identified as painful or unpleasant and are therefore avoided
• Delayed conditioning: Delayed conditioning refers to conditioning procedure in which the onset of the NS precedes the onset of the US, and the two (2) stimuli
• Evaluative conditioning: Evaluative conditioning is defined as a process by which objects come to evoke positive or negative affect simply by their association with affect-inducing events
• Excitatory conditioning: Excitatory conditioning is defined as conditioning procedure in which the NS is associated with the presentation of a US.
• Inhibitory conditioning: Inhibitory conditioning is conditioning procedure in which the NS is associated with the absence or removal of a US.
• Operant conditioning chamber (Skinner box): Operant conditioning chamber (Skinner box) : Operant conditioning chamber also called Skinner box refers to an apparatus designed to study Operant conditioning in animals
• Prepared classical conditioning: Prepared classical conditioning refers to the theory that evolution has prepared people to be easily conditioned to
• Reconditioning: Reconditioning in the psychology context refers to the process of altering previously learned associations, behaviors, or responses by applying new conditioning techniques

Summary

Conditioning in psychology involves the process of learning associations between stimuli and responses, shaping behaviors through reinforcement and punishment. It plays a critical role in various application areas such as clinical psychology, behavior therapy, and education. Understanding conditioning principles helps psychologists modify behaviors and attitudes in individuals to achieve desired outcomes.

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