Deutsch: Celexa / Español: Celexa / Português: Celexa / Français: Celexa / Italiano: Celexa
Celexa is the brand name for citalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly prescribed in the field of psychology and psychiatry for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and other mood-related conditions. It works by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain, which helps improve mood and reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Description
Celexa (citalopram) is a widely used antidepressant that belongs to the class of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). These medications are known for their efficacy in treating depression with fewer side effects compared to older antidepressant classes like tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) or monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).
Celexa is primarily indicated for major depressive disorder (MDD), but it is also prescribed for conditions such as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is available in tablet form, usually taken once daily, with a typical starting dose of 20 mg that can be increased depending on the patient's response and tolerance.
The mechanism of action involves blocking the reuptake of serotonin in the brain, thereby increasing its availability in the synaptic cleft. This adjustment in serotonin levels contributes to better mood regulation and alleviation of depressive symptoms. Celexa is typically well-tolerated, but side effects may include nausea, insomnia, fatigue, or sexual dysfunction.
Historically, Celexa was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1998. It has since become a staple in treating depression due to its favourable safety profile and ease of use.
Application Areas
- Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): Primary treatment for moderate to severe depression.
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): Alleviates persistent and excessive worry.
- Panic Disorder: Reduces frequency and intensity of panic attacks.
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): Helps in managing intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviours.
- Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): May assist in reducing symptoms related to trauma.
- Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD): Improves social functioning by reducing anxiety.
Well-Known Examples
- FDA-approved uses: Treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD).
- Off-label uses: Though not FDA-approved for all, Celexa is sometimes used to treat conditions like OCD and PTSD.
- International presence: Celexa is known globally, with similar medications available under the generic name citalopram in various countries.
Risks and Challenges
- Side Effects: Common side effects include nausea, dizziness, fatigue, dry mouth, and sexual dysfunction. Severe but rare side effects may involve serotonin syndrome, which is a potentially life-threatening condition caused by excessive serotonin levels.
- Drug Interactions: Celexa interacts with other medications, such as MAOIs and other serotonergic drugs, which may lead to adverse effects.
- Withdrawal Symptoms: Abrupt discontinuation can cause withdrawal symptoms such as dizziness, irritability, and flu-like symptoms. A gradual tapering is recommended.
- Special Populations: Caution is advised in elderly patients or those with cardiovascular conditions, as Celexa may prolong the QT interval, increasing the risk of heart arrhythmias.
Similar Terms
- Lexapro (escitalopram): Another SSRI closely related to Celexa, often used for similar indications.
- Zoloft (sertraline): An SSRI used for depression, anxiety, and other mood disorders.
- Prozac (fluoxetine): One of the earliest SSRIs, prescribed for depression and OCD.
- Paxil (paroxetine): An SSRI often used for anxiety disorders and depression.
Summary
Celexa is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) primarily used to treat major depressive disorder and related psychological conditions. Known for its efficacy and safety, it is widely prescribed in both primary care and psychiatric settings. While generally well-tolerated, Celexa has potential side effects and requires careful management, particularly in populations with specific health risks.
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