- Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) : Cardiovascular disease (CVD) refer to disorders of the circulatory system, including coronary artery disease and stroke. Cardiovascular diseases are general category of diseases resulting from problems with the heart and the circulatory system. It include Coronary heart disease (CHD) which is also referred to as Coronary artery disease or CAD and heart failure (both commonly referred to as heart attacks), strokes, and hypertension or high blood pressure.