Glossary D

Dual Diagnosis is a term which refers to coexisting diagnoses of mental illness and drug or Alcohol abuse.

Dual encoding . Please see Dual representation.

Dual orientation. Please see Dual representation.

Dual process theories of influence is defined generally as a conceptual analysis arguing that individuals change in response to direct forms of influence, such as persuasion)and indirect forms of influence, such as mimicking another’s response.

Dual relationships refers to an ethical "hotspot" that states that clinicians/therapists should avoid not having other relationships outside the professional arena with clients.

- Dual representation (Dual encoding, Dual orientation) : Dual representation (Dual encoding ) is defined as the ability to represent an object simultaneously as an object itself and as a representation of something else.

Dual-code theory refers to a belief suggesting that knowledge is represented both in images and in symbols

Dual-coding hypothesis refers to Paivio’s assertion that long-term memory can code information in two (2) distinct ways, verbally and visually, and that items coded both ways, for example, pictures or concrete words are more easily recalled than items such as abstract words which are coded in only one way