Glossary E

Extracellular thirst is defined as thirst caused by a reduction in the volume of fluids found between body cells.

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Extradural hematoma refers to bleeding that occurs between the skull and the dura which is less frequent than the Subdural hematoma. Extradural hematomas are most likely caused by a tearing of the large middle meningeal arteries.

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Extradyadic sex means having sex with someone other than one’s regular relationship partner, such as a spouse or boy/girlfriend

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Extrafamilial influences refer to social agencies other than the family that influence a child’s or an adolescent’s cognitive, social, and emotional development

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Extraneous variable refers to any variable that exists within a study other than the variables being studied. In an experiment, Extraneous variable is any variable other than the independent and dependent variables. Extraneous variables are potential sources of error in the experiment that should be controlled; they encompass everything in the experiment except the independent and dependent variables

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Extraordinary means of treatment refer to interventions to sustain life that do not have predictable and well-recognized outcomes; that offer unusual risks, suffering, or burdens for the person being treated or for others; and that may not be effective; such interventions are thought to be optional, meaning it is not mandatory in some systems of moral theology and bioethics

Extrapyramidal means outside the pyramidal tracts, with origin in the basal ganglia. These cell bodies are involved with starting, stopping, and smoothing out movements

Extrapyramidal motor system refers to a system which is responsible for stereotyped postural and reflexive motor activity. The Extrapyramidal motor system also acts to keep individual muscles ready to respond.