Glossary C

Deutsch: Kontingenz / Español: Contingencia / Português: Contingência / Français: Contingence / Italiano: Contingenza /

Contingency refers to the relationship between a response and its outcome in operant conditioning or the conditioned stimulus-unconditioned stimulus relationship in classical conditioning.

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Contingency contracting refers to a procedure in which an individual forms a contract with another person, such as a therapist, detailing what rewards or punishments are contingent on the performance or non-performance of a target behavior.

Contingency management refers to a form of behavioral therapy that involves the principle of rewarding a client for desired behaviors and not providing rewards for undesired behaviors.

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Contingency question refers to a survey question intended for only some respondents, determined by their responses to some other question. For example, all respondents might be asked whether they belong to Southeast Asian cultural group, and only those who said yes would be asked how often they meet to discuss matters about their problems and issues. The latter would be a Contingency question.

Contingency research refers to a relational research design in which the frequencies of all combinations of two (2) variables are assessed to determine the relationship between them

Contingency theory refers to Fred Fiedler’s conceptual analysis of leadership which posits that a leader’s success is determined by his or her leadership style and the favorability of the group situation; more generally, any analysis of leadership that suggests that the effectiveness of leaders depends on the interaction of their personal characteristics and the group situation.

- Contingency theory of leadership : Contingency theory of leadership refers to the theory that leadership effectiveness depends both on how task-oriented or relationship-oriented the leader is and on the amount of control and influence the leader has over the group

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Continuance means delaying a trial until the level of media attention to the crime has decreased, in order to reduce the prejudicial effects of pre-trial publicity

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