Glossary D

Deduction is defined as the method of reasoning by which conclusions must follow from certain assumptions, principles, or concepts. If there are five people in a room, for example, one can deduce that there are also four; or if it is assumed that everything in nature exists for a purpose, then one can conclude that humans, too, exist for a purpose. Deductive reasoning proceeds from the general to the particular. It is the use of a general statement as the basis for reaching a conclusion about specific examples. Deduction is also known as Deductive reasoning.

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Deductive reasoning refers to the process of reasoning from one or more general statements regarding what is known to reach a logically certain conclusion; drawing conclusions from facts or from only the given premises; reasoning from a known principle to an unknown; from the general to the specific; from a premise to a logical conclusion.

Deductive thought refers to thought that applies a general set of rules to specific situations, as in the use of the Laws of gravity to predict the behavior of a single falling object.

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Deductive validity refers to a property of some logical arguments such that it is impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion(s) to be false. It also means logical soundness.

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Deep sleep refers to 3rd and 4th stages of NREM sleep during which delta waves are produced.

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A Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) delivers a constant low electrical stimulation to a small region of the brain, through implanted electrodes connected to an implanted battery. It is used to partially restore normal movements in Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia.

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Deep dyslexia refers to a reading disorder characterized by an impaired ability to sound out words, while wholeword skills are unimpaired.

Deep lesioning is defined as the removal of tissue within the brain by use of an electrode.

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