Glossary O

Opposition maybe defined as the diagonal movement of the thumb across the palmar surface of the hand to make contact with the fingers.

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Opposition principle refers to Jung's idea that conflict between opposing processes or tendencies is necessary to generate psychic energy.

Deutsch: Oppositionales Trotzverhalten / Español: Trastorno negativista desafiante / Português: Transtorno desafiador de oposição / Français: Trouble oppositionnel avec provocation / Italiano: Disturbo oppositivo provocatorio

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) refers to a pattern of negativistic, hostile, and defiant behavior. It is a psychological condition typically diagnosed in childhood, characterised by a persistent pattern of hostile, disobedient, and defiant behaviours toward authority figures. Children and adolescents with ODD frequently exhibit anger, irritability, argumentative behaviour, and vindictiveness, which interfere with their daily functioning at home, in school, or in social situations. The disorder is more prevalent in boys during early childhood but tends to equalise between genders in adolescence.

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Opsin refers to the protein part of the visual pigment molecule, to which the light-sensitive retinal molecule is attached.

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Optic array refers to the structured pattern of light created by the presence of objects, surfaces, and textures in the environment.

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Optic ataxia refers to impaired visual control of the arm in reaching out to a visual target.

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Optic chiasm refers to the point at which parts of the optic nerves cross from one side of the brain to the other.

Optic flow refers to the flow of stimuli in the environment that occurs when an observer moves relative to the environment. Forward movement causes an expanding optic flow, whereas backward movement causes a contracting optic flow. Some researchers use the term optic flow field to refer to this flow.