Glossary S

Deutsch: Spezialisierung / Français: Spécialisation / Español: Especialización / Português: Especialização / Italiano: Specializzazione
Specialization in the psychology context refers to two distinct but related concepts:

1. A professional focus within the field of psychology, where practitioners and researchers dedicate their work to a specific subfield such as clinical, cognitive, developmental, or forensic psychology.

2. A psychological pattern where an individual becomes overly focused or fixated on a specific role, identity, coping strategy, or domain of competence. This may emerge from early life experiences, societal reinforcement, or psychological defense mechanisms.

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Speciesism is defined as the assumption of superiority of humans over other animal species, especially to justify their exploitation.

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The term Specific determines words that give clues to true-false items; "all", "always", "never", and "none" indicate false statements, while some, sometimes, and may indicate true statements.

Specific Deterrence refers to a goal of criminal sentencing which seeks to prevent a particular offender from engaging in repeat c

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Specific phobia refers to a marked irrational, unabating and persistent Fear of clearly discernible, noticeable, observable, or perceptible, circumscribed objects, activities or situations.

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Deutsch: Spezifikation / Español: Especificación / Português: Especificação / Français: Spécification / Italian: Specificazione

Specification in the psychology context generally refers to the detailed description and delineation of the variables, conditions, procedures, and criteria used in psychological research and practice. This term is crucial in ensuring clarity, precision, and reproducibility in psychological studies and interventions.

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Deutsch: Spezifität / Español: Especificidad / Português: Especificidade / Français: Spécificité / Italian: Specificità

Specificity in the psychology context refers to the precision and distinctiveness with which psychological concepts, measurements, or treatments are defined, applied, and interpreted. It involves ensuring that terms, processes, and interventions are clearly specified and targeted to particular psychological phenomena or populations.

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Spectatoring refers to the experience in which a person feels unduly self -conscious during sexual activity, as if evaluating and monitoring his/her performance during the sexual encounter.

Moreover, Spectatoring means acting as an observer or judge of one’s own sexual performance.

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