Glossary C

Glossary C

Class interval refers to the unit for the horizontal axis in a frequency distribution.

Class or Cause advocacy advocates target larger systems and champion the needs or rights of groups of people, groups of organizations, and even multiple communities with the same problems or in similar situations.

Classical and operant conditioning refers to a process of learning that involves rewarding an animal for a particular action while at the same time providing a separate and distinct stimulus. Pavlov's working giving dog food, which resulted in salivation while at the same time ringing a bell was repeated. Then he found just ringing the bell would elicit salivation. This Operant conditioning is used to train dolphins.

Classical categorical approach refers to a classification method founded on the assumption of clear-cut differences among disorders, each with a different known cause. Classical categorical approach is also known as Pure categorical approach.

classical conditioning refers to the fundamental learning process which was first described by Ivan Pavlov. It is an event that automatically elicits a response when it is paired with another stimulus event that does not (a neutral stimulus)).After repeated pairings, the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus that by itself can elicit the desired response.

Classical psychophysical methods refer to the methods of limits, adjustment, and constant stimuli, described by Fechner, which are used for measuring thresholds

Classical school refers to a a criminological perspective operative in the late 1700s and early 1800s which had its roots in the Enlightenment, and which held that men and women are rational beings, that crime is the result of the exercise of free will, and that punishment can be effective in reducing the incidence of crime since it negates the pleasure to be derived from crime commission.

Classical school of criminology refers to a criminological perspective suggesting that (1) people have free will to choose criminal or conventional behavior; (2) people choose to commit crime for reasons of greed or personal need; and (3) crime can be controlled by criminal sanctions, which should be proportionate to the guilt of the perpetrator.