Glossary D

Differential association-reinforcement is defined as a theory of criminality based on the incorporation of Psychological learning theory and differential association with Social learning theory. As the theory claims, Criminal behavior is learned through associations and is contained or discontinued as a result of positive or negative reinforcements.

Differential carryover effects refers to a problem in within subject experimental designs when exposure to earlier conditions alters behavior on later conditions

Differential diagnoses refer to competing diagnoses the clinician should consider before settling on a particular mental disorder diagnosis. These are listed in the DSM text for every disorder to help to clinician avoid overlooking other possible mental disorders the client might be experiencing.

Differential diagnosis refers to the determination of which of two (2) or more possible diagnoses is most appropriate for a client; the process of systematically ruling out alternative diagnoses. Moreover, Differential diagnosis is the process of being able to differentiate one condition or disorder from another through the use of set diagnostic criteria. The term is based on a medical-disease model in which accurate diagnosis is believed to inform a clinician about effective treatments.

Differential effects is a term used in a Research study that refers to the time related threats to internal validity that affect the groups differently. For example, differential history effects, differential instrumentation effects, differential maturation, differential testing, and differential regression.

Differential emotions theory is a term in Izard's view that the major emotions are distinct at birth but emerge gradually in accord with maturation and the child's developing needs

Differential opportunity theory refers to a theory that attempts to join the concept of anomie and differential association by analyzing both legitimate and illegitimate opportunity structures available to individuals. Differential opportunity theory posits that illegitimate opportunities, like legitimate opportunities, are unequally distributed.

Differential reinforcement is defined as a procedure involving two (2) or more physically different behaviors: one behavior is reinforced, and all others are extinguished.

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Glossary D

Glossary D

Differential association-reinforcement

Differential carryover effects

Differential diagnoses

Differential diagnosis

Differential effects

Differential emotions theory

Differential opportunity theory

Differential reinforcement

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